A sociological reflection on the application of social geometry in the case of financial convicts; A Qualitative Study in the Light of Public Law

Socio-economic relations between individuals in society can create debt and, in some cases, lead to legal action and conviction of the debtor who refuses to pay the debt. The theory of the "social geometry of rights" considers it necessary to pay attention to the social structure of the case for prisoners convicted of financial crimes. In fact, the judicial process of a financial case from beginning to end depends on the social relations between the actors in the case, and paying attention to these relations is one of the main necessities of the case trial and the acceptability of the final verdict and finally the rationalization of the execution process. Therefore, paying attention to the social geometry of the financial case, which includes concessional rights for financial criminals, is currently not much considered in the formal judicial process and can be considered as one of the examples of public rights in the trial process. This study focused on analyzing the social engineering and structure of the case files of financial convicts with a sociological approach and in light of the revival of public rights and was conducted qualitatively using the content analysis method with the participation of 13 financial convicts and with purposeful sampling in Fardis Kachouei Prison, Karaj in 1404. The results of the fieldwork of the lifeworld of financial convicts showed that the social practices of each financial convict in relation to the economic status of the society, social and cultural conditions and the moral status in Iranian society and specifically between the litigants (convicted and the defendant) have been formed in social engineering based on the social interest of the litigants, and this is considered one of the challenges of the general interest of society and psychological security and public rights in general. Policy recommendations from a sociological perspective, in order to restore public rights and regulate the psychological security environment of society, require that the policymaking arena of the judicial power in the area of judges' activism and the proportion of judicial decisions in the cases of financially convicted prisoners be regulated by taking into account the social structure of the case and its social engineering, so that a transition to a problem-solving approach among them can be achieved in order to achieve public peace and social benefit.