By outlining the horizon of the “New Islamic Civilization,” the Statement of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution identifies justice as the pinnacle of divine missions and the foundation of the Islamic system’s legitimacy. Despite the strategic importance of “judicial transformation” emphasized in this statement, the structural relationship between “Monotheism in Ruling” (Tawhid in Hukm)—as a theological basis—and objective judicial processes has received little analytical attention. The purpose of this research is to elucidate the monotheistic foundations of judicial system transformation and to present a coherent model for transitioning to a civilizational standard based on Quranic teachings and the Second Step Statement. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach and a descriptive-analytical method. Data were collected via library research from the Holy Quran, reliable commentaries (Tafsir), and upstream documents (the Second Step Statement and the Judicial Transformation Document) and were processed by integrating “thematic interpretation” and “content analysis” methods. Findings indicate that “Monotheism in Ruling” is not merely a doctrinal principle but delineates a three-level hierarchical model for the judicial system: 1) Monotheism in Legislation (Foundational Level): conforming laws with “Truth” (Haqq) as a fixed divine reality; 2) Monotheism in Adjudication (Process Level): observing “Justice” (Adl) in procedural law and judicial conduct (placing things in their rightful place); and 3) Monotheism in Implementation (Outcome Level): realizing “Equity” (Qist) and the objective distribution of rights in society. Furthermore, the analysis of the Second Step Statement reveals that the stages of “Self-improvement, Society-building, and Civilization-building” correspond precisely with these three levels. Consequently, the desired judicial transformation in the Second Step of the Revolution represents a transition from formalism to truth-orientation. Realizing civilizational justice depends on the judiciary moving beyond mere administrative procedures and, by returning to monotheistic foundations, completing the chain of “Truth in Law,” “Justice in Ruling,” and “Equity in Execution” to ensure public satisfaction and the efficiency of the Islamic system.
mostahsan, F. (2026). Elucidating the Monotheistic Foundations of Judicial System Transformation in Light of the Second Step Statement and Quranic Teachings. (e741732). Public Rights, 2(2), e741732 https://doi.org/10.22106/pr.2026.2083973.1075
MLA
mostahsan, F. "Elucidating the Monotheistic Foundations of Judicial System Transformation in Light of the Second Step Statement and Quranic Teachings" .e741732 , Public Rights, 2, 2, 2026, e741732. doi: 10.22106/pr.2026.2083973.1075
HARVARD
mostahsan F. (2026). 'Elucidating the Monotheistic Foundations of Judicial System Transformation in Light of the Second Step Statement and Quranic Teachings', Public Rights, 2(2), e741732. doi: 10.22106/pr.2026.2083973.1075
CHICAGO
F. mostahsan, "Elucidating the Monotheistic Foundations of Judicial System Transformation in Light of the Second Step Statement and Quranic Teachings," Public Rights, 2 2 (2026): e741732, doi: 10.22106/pr.2026.2083973.1075
VANCOUVER
mostahsan F. Elucidating the Monotheistic Foundations of Judicial System Transformation in Light of the Second Step Statement and Quranic Teachings. Public Rights. 2026;2(2):e741732 (In Persian). doi: 10.22106/pr.2026.2083973.1075
Public Rights